Wednesday, June 26, 2013

The Humanities and Teaching How to Write Well ? The Monkey Cage

Teaching students how to write well is a task that I am confronted with on a regular basis and for which I am hopelessly ill equipped. I have no training in the subject. I am not a native English speaker. I did not even attend high school or?college in?an English speaking country?(at least not before doing graduate work). So, I want to be sympathetic to Verlyn Klinkenborg?s call in Sunday?s New York Times for a renewed role for the humanities (or really English literature) in teaching students how to write ?clearly, simply, with attention and openness to their own thoughts.? The humanities, writes Klinkenborg, can provide students with the gift of ?clear thinking, clear writing and a lifelong engagement with literature.? I agree that all of these are good things.

Then he writes this:

Studying the humanities should be like standing among colleagues and students on the open deck of a ship moving along the endless coastline of human experience. Instead, now it feels as though people have retreated to tiny cabins in the bowels of the ship, from which they peep out on a small fragment of what may be a coastline or a fog bank or the back of a spouting whale.

Sentences like this usually lead me to liberally spread red ink. What do you mean? Why should studying be like observing a coastline rather than interacting with human experience? Why the clich?s? And what?s that whale all about? ?You can sort of figure out what the author means with all the vague metaphors but ?sort of being able to figure out? an argument is hardly an advertisement for clear and simple nonfiction writing.

I often see sentences like this in my students? writing: unnecessary and extensive usages of metaphors that muddle rather than clarify thinking. I guess it raises the question of whether the study of English literature does really give students and teachers a good basis for becoming clear thinkers and writers on nonfiction issues. I am not entirely sure what the alternative is or whether I am being a disciplinary (or Dutch) curmudgeon who unduly favors clear precise statements over flowery language. Thoughts?

Source: http://themonkeycage.org/2013/06/24/the-humanities-and-teaching-how-to-write-well/

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Egypt police arrest eight over Shi'ite killings: report

CAIRO (Reuters) - Egyptian police have arrested eight people over the killing of five Shi'ite Muslims in a Cairo suburb, state media said on Tuesday, after footage of the attack spread on the Internet, heightening fears of sectarian violence.

The lynching of the Shi'ites occurred in the tense run-up to the first anniversary of Mohamed Mursi's election as president on June 30, with the opposition promising mass protests against him and the army warning both sides it will step in if need be.

The suspects are accused of killing the five, who had come to Cairo for a religious festival, and mutilating their bodies by dragging them through the streets.

Previously authorities in the majority Sunni Muslim nation had announced four dead, but the prosecutor's office reported a fifth killed in the incident, state newspaper al-Ahram reported.

Mursi has condemned the crime, but his liberal opponents accuse him and his Muslim Brotherhood of allowing ultra-conservative Salafi allies to whip up anti-Shi'ite sentiment in return for their support. Mursi was guest of honor at a recent rally at which a cleric described Shi'ites as heretics.

Shi'ites form a small minority of Egypt's 84 million people and keep a low profile. The war in Syria, which pits mostly Sunni rebels against President Bashar al-Assad and his Shi'ite allies, has envenomed sectarian feelings across the region.

Iran's foreign ministry condemned the killing on Monday, saying it contradicted Islam.

(Reporting By Shadia Nasralla; Editing by Alistair Lyon)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/egypt-police-arrest-eight-over-shiite-killings-report-095703884.html

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Monday, June 17, 2013

Video: Watch this story of a father, a son and a classic Plymouth on ...

Video: Watch this story of a father, a son and a classic Plymouth on Father's Day - RICEKILLER.COM FORUMS

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They met in high school. Bev was a cheerleader, Joe played sports. The pair got married, and the first car they shared, driving off into their mutual futures together on their wedding day, was a 1948 Plymouth convertible. As is often the case with first cars - and especially cars as classically stylish and memorable as the Plymouth - they were left with nothing but fond memories after being forced to sell the car after Joe was drafted into the military.

Fast forward 60 years and their son has pulled off a brilliant surprise. The result of which is summed up rather nicely by Bev herself: "Uh oh. Grandpa's got tears." And you may, too. Scroll down below to see the video, produced and shared by Hagerty, for yourself.

Happy Father's Day from the crew here at Autoblog.Continue reading Watch this story of a father, a son and a classic Plymouth on Father's Day

Watch this story of a father, a son and a classic Plymouth on Father's Day originally appeared on Autoblog on Sun, 16 Jun 2013 19:00:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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They met in high school. Bev was a cheerleader, Joe played sports. The pair got married, and the first car they shared, driving off into their mutual futures together on their wedding day, was a 1948 Plymouth convertible. As is often the case with first cars - and especially cars as classically stylish and memorable as the Plymouth - they were left with nothing but fond memories after being forced to sell the car after Joe was drafted into the military.

Fast forward 60 years and their son has pulled off a brilliant surprise. The result of which is summed up rather nicely by Bev herself: "Uh oh. Grandpa's got tears." And you may, too. Scroll down below to see the video, produced and shared by Hagerty, for yourself.

Happy Father's Day from the crew here at Autoblog.Continue reading Watch this story of a father, a son and a classic Plymouth on Father's Day

Watch this story of a father, a son and a classic Plymouth on Father's Day originally appeared on Autoblog on Sun, 16 Jun 2013 19:00:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.ricekiller.com/forums/showthread.php?t=123487

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Sunday, June 16, 2013

Phil Mickelson leads after 3rd round at US Open

ARDMORE, Pa. (AP) ? For all those runner-up finishes, with so much heartache chasing the major he covets, Phil Mickelson has never had a better chance to win the U.S. Open.

It's the first time he has ever had the outright lead going into the final round. Of the nine players within five shots, only one has the experience of winning a major. And Tiger Woods went from contender to middle-of-the-pack by matching his worst U.S. Open score as a pro.

Despite a bogey on the final hole at Merion ? the 18th was so tough it didn't yield a single birdie in the third round ? Mickelson was the sole survivor to par Saturday with an even-par 70 that gave him a one-shot lead over Hunter Mahan, Steve Stricker and former Masters champion Charl Schwartzel.

Mickelson celebrates his 43rd birthday Sunday ? on Father's Day, no less. He left Merion on Monday and didn't return until three hours before his tee time on Thursday so he could attend the eighth-grade graduation of his oldest daughter.

"It's got the makings to be something special," Mickelson said. "But I still have to go out and perform, and play some of my best golf."

He has been good enough to play 54 holes in 1-under 209.

And he was close to perfection when he stood on the par-3 17th hole with a 4-iron in his hand, 253 yards away from the orange wicker basket attached to the pin, the signature look at Merion. He was one shot behind Luke Donald until a pure swing and an 8-foot birdie putt gave him the lead.

"I just stood and admired it," Mickelson said. "It was one of the best shots I've ever hit. I mean, it just was right down the center of the green and I was hoping it would kind of get the right bounces. It left me a beautiful uphill putt that I could be aggressive with and I made it. That was fun to do that because that's just not a hole you expect to get one back."

Four others players who had been under par late in the round couldn't hang on.

Donald twice made poor swings with a 2-iron, and it cost him three shots. Mahan, Schwartzel and Justin Rose all finished bogey-bogey.

There was trouble everywhere at Merion, and it didn't take much to find it. One swing cost Ian Poulter, who drove out-of-bounds on the 15th. One decision cost Nicolas Colsaerts, who tried to hit a shot under a tree on the 18th and made triple bogey. That left Mickelson alone at the top for only the second time in a major ? he won the 2006 Masters with the lead.

The U.S. Open, however, has been nothing but trouble for Lefty.

"I don't think I feel any more pressure than anybody else who wants to win ... the U.S. Open," Mickelson said. "This is a tournament for years I've had opportunities, I've come close to, and it would mean a lot tomorrow if I could play some of my best golf ? certainly if I can play the way I have been."

Saturday was more about weeding out the pretenders for this U.S. Open ? and one of them turned out to be Woods. He started out just four shots out of the lead, and made a bending, 12-foot birdie putt on the opening hole. It never got any better for the world's No. 1 player. He made seven bogeys the rest of the way and didn't add another birdie. It was the fourth time he shot 76 in the U.S. Open, but never when he started out so close to the lead. Now, he's 10 shots behind.

"It certainly is frustrating," said Woods, who has been stuck on 14 majors since winning the 2008 U.S. Open at Torrey Pines. "I'm playing well enough to do it, and unfortunately just haven't gotten it done."

The final hour might have been a sneak preview for Sunday. At one point, there were five players under par, and suddenly there was only Mickelson.

Donald made double bogey on the 18th hole from the middle of the fairway, trying to swing too hard on a 2-iron to get up the hill and beyond the false front of the green. He wound up in ankle-deep rough, so gnarly that his third shot squirted across the green and into more thick grass.

"I should have done better," Donald said. "It was disappointing, but I'll take the positives out of today ? a really solid 16 holes of golf, and I'm only two back."

Mahan let his spectacular back nine filled with four birdies go to waste with a bogey-bogey finish for a 69. He will be in the final group for the first time in a major with Mickelson, whom he considers a close friend.

"It's going to be a very, very exciting finish," Mahan said, "because I don't think any lead is safe."

Stricker made a 10-foot par putt on the 18th hole to complete a 70 and perhaps the steadiest round of the day. His only mistake in a round that lasted 5? hours under sunshine was a tee shot into the water on the par-3 ninth for a double bogey. At 46, Stricker can become the oldest U.S. Open champion.

"I've got to play smart golf ... not make any mistakes," he said. "I think that's the biggest thing. And it's a course where it's tough to come back."

Billy Horschel, tied with Mickelson at the start of the third round, kept his emotions in check and shot 72. He was two shots behind, along with Donald and Rose

The third round featured so much movement, and so many wild swings, that seven players had a share of the lead at some point. Even though USGA executive director Mike Davis said the course was set up to allow for good scores, this was more about hanging on for dear life.

There was no faking it Saturday afternoon.

Thirty players were separated by only five shots at the start of the third round. By the end of the day, there were just 10 players separated by five shots, including amateur Michael Kim. He was tied for third until losing four shots on the last three holes.

For all the talk about Merion being just a short course, the final two holes were beastly ? 253 yards for a par 3 surrounded by deep bunkers and framed by the Scottish broom grass, and then a 530-yard closing hole up the hill, deep rough on both sides with bogeys or worse waiting for a single missed shot.

Stricker, remarkably, played bogey-free on the back nine. Horschel, striving for perfection at a championship that doesn't allow for it, dropped only one shot.

"Seventeen and 18, you've got to buckle up and hit good shots," Horschel said. "So I think tomorrow, with the pressure being on, those holes will stick out even more."

Mickelson chose not to carry a driver, and he had to be flawless again on the long closing hole. He swung the 3-wood with confidence throughout the back nine and drilled another. With some 250 yards left, another fairway metal took him just over the green. His chip came out some 10 feet short and he missed the par putt to end a streak of 12 holes without a bogey.

But he still had the lead. It was the first time only one player remained under par through 54 holes at the U.S. Open since 2007 at Oakmont, when there was none. Mickelson was tied for the 54-hole lead at Winged Foot in 2006, where he lost a one-shot lead on the final hole by making double bogey.

Of his five runner-up finishes, that one stung the most.

But he's back for another try to win his national championship. The challenge has never been more severe ? not from any player, but from Merion.

Mickelson has one piece of history working against him. In the four previous U.S. Opens at this classic course, no one with the lead going into the final round has ever gone on to win.

"I love being in the thick of it," Mickelson said. "I've had opportunities in years past, and it has been so fun, even though it's been heart-breaking to come so close a number of times and let it slide. But I feel better equipped than I have ever felt heading into the final round of a U.S. Open."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/phil-mickelson-leads-3rd-round-us-open-001943070.html

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Wild cheetah accelerate fast and reach speeds of up to 58 miles per hour during a hunt

June 14, 2013 ? Researchers at the Royal Veterinary College have captured the first detailed information on the hunting dynamics of the wild cheetah in its natural habitat. Using an innovative GPS and motion sensing collar that they designed, Professor Alan Wilson and his team were able to record remarkable speeds of up to 58 miles per hour (or 93 kilometers per hour).

The results, from the team at the Royal Veterinary College's Structure & Motion Laboratory, are published June 13, 2013 in Nature.

To date, measurements of cheetah locomotion mechanics have only been made on captive animals chasing a lure in a straight line, with few studies eliciting speeds faster than racing greyhounds. For wild cheetahs, estimates of speed have only ever been made from direct observation or film, in open habitat and during daylight hours.

The team, led by Professor Wilson, developed a tracking collar equipped with a GPS module and electronic motion sensors (accelerometers, magnetometers, gyroscopes) capable of delivering processed position and velocity data and sensitive to the animal's movements. The collar was powered by a combination of solar cells, rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteries.

Collar software monitored the accelerometers to create activity summaries and detect the brief hunting events and adapted collar operation to battery voltages and time of day, meaning that researchers only captured data during a hunt. Overall, researchers recorded data from 367 runs by three female and two male adult cheetahs over 17 months. An episode of feeding after a run indicated hunting success, and was identified in the activity data by consistent, low-magnitude acceleration.

Data revealed that wild cheetah runs started with a period of acceleration, either from stationary or slow movement (presumably stalking) up to high speed. The cheetahs then decelerated and manoeuvred before prey capture. About one-third of runs involved more than one period of sustained acceleration. In successful hunts, there was often a burst of accelerometer data after the speed returned to zero, interpreted as the cheetah subduing the prey -- in this case mainly Impala, which made up 75% of their diet.

The average run distance was 173m. The longest runs recorded by each cheetah ranged from 407 to 559 m and the mean run frequency was 1.3 times per day, so, even if some hunts were missed, high speed locomotion only accounted for a small fraction of the 6,040-m average daily total distance covered by the cheetahs.

The team was also able to identify factors that make up a successful hunt. Successful hunts involved greater deceleration on average, but there was no significant difference in peak acceleration, distance travelled, number of turns, or total turn angle. This indicates that outcome was determined in the final stages of a hunt rather than hunts being abandoned early to save energy or reduce risk of injury, and the higher deceleration values may reflect actual prey capture.

The greatest acceleration and deceleration values were almost double values published for polo horses and exceeded the accelerations reported for greyhounds at the start of a race. The acceleration power for the cheetahs was four times higher than that achieved by Usain Bolt during his world record 100 metres run, about double that for racing greyhounds and more than three times higher than polo horses in competition.

Grip and manoeuvrability, rather than top speed, were shown to be key to hunting success. Hunts involved considerable manoeuvring, with maximum lateral (centripetal) accelerations often exceeding 13ms-2 at speeds less than 17ms-1 (polo horses achieve 6ms-2).

Professor Alan Wilson, said: "Although the cheetah is recognised as the fastest land animal, very little is known about other aspects of its notable athleticism, particularly when hunting in the wild. Our technology allowed us to capture what to our knowledge is the first detailed locomotor information on the hunting dynamics of a large cursorial predator in its natural habitat and as a result we were able to record some of the highest measured values for lateral and forward acceleration, deceleration and body mass.

"In the future, equivalent data for other wild cursorial species would enhance what we know about natural speed, agility and endurance, and provide detailed information on ranging behaviour in the wild. For example, information on habitat selection by endangered species detailing where animals are commuting, hunting and resting would be informative when attempting to evaluate wildlife-protected areas."

The cheetahs used in this study were part of a continuing study by Botswana Predator Conservation Trust in the Okavango Delta region of Northern Botswana.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/UbCQt5tL-WI/130614082900.htm

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Saturday, June 15, 2013

Vatican credit stop emblematic of finance woes - AZCentral.com

VATICAN CITY ? The Vatican put a new coin on sale last week to commemorate its historic papal transition. Too bad overseas collectors won?t be able to buy it for months.

The Associated Press has learned that the Vatican still hasn?t fully resolved an embarrassing shutdown in credit card services, despite announcing four months ago that systems were back up. The impact has been far worse than the Vatican ever let on, costing the Holy See lost sales at a time when Pope Benedict XVI?s shock resignation and Pope Francis? surprise election laid the groundwork for a bonanza in Vatican-minted papal memorabilia.

It?s all emblematic of the continued troubles plaguing the Holy See?s financial system, rocked by allegations of incompetence and corruption. But the new president of the Vatican bank, while acknowledging the delays and losses stemming from the credit card shutdown, is brushing off the fiasco.

?So sales will be up in the second half of the year,? Ernst von Freyberg told the AP in an interview, laughing.

The truth is, however, that the credit card woes represent yet another headache for the Vatican as it works to improve its reputation internationally through a painful transition to financial transparency in the fight against money laundering.

In an interview this week, von Freyberg revealed that he was weighing whether to introduce some sort of tax reporting obligations on the bank ? known as the Institute for Religious Works ? to stem accusations that it?s a tax haven.

?It may well be that having done a thorough legal review,? von Freyberg said, ?I come to the conclusion that we should pay more proactive attention to it.?

The credit card debacle began Jan. 1 when Italy?s central bank compelled Deutsche Bank Italia to stop providing electronic payment services to the Holy See. The Bank of Italy cited the lack of an EU-required banking regulatory framework in Vatican City.

The shutdown meant visitors to the Vatican Museums had to use cash to pay for tickets, audio guides and coffee table books on Michelangelo. It was a costly inconvenience given that museum revenues are the top money-maker for the Vatican, bringing in euro 91.3 million in 2011. The Vatican?s other money-making initiatives were similarly affected: Its supermarket, pharmacy and duty-free department store were cash-only. So was its Philatelic and Numismatic Office, which issues commemorative and circulating stamps and coins for collectors and tourists alike.

?A disaster. A disaster. A disaster!? lamented Mauro Olivieri, the head of the coin and stamp office, which in 2012 was the Vatican?s third-place money-maker with some euro 20 million in revenues. ?The year 2013 has been what I call the ?annus horribilis.??

The first half of 2013 should have been a windfall for Olivieri, given the world?s attention was fixed on the Vatican for a solid month, from Benedict XVI?s historic Feb. 11 announcement that he would retire at the end of the month, to the March 13 election of the first Jesuit pope and first pontiff from the Americas, Francis.

Such historic occasions are sought-after by coin and stamp collectors, who lined up in droves at temporary sales points in St. Peter?s Square to buy the commemorative ?Sede Vacante? stamps that were issued as soon as Benedict retired Feb. 28.

?Linn?s Stamp News,? the largest U.S. weekly on stamp news and the market, featured the four-stamp ?Sede Vacante? collection on the front page of its March 18 editions.

But anyone who placed an order through the Vatican to buy the stamps electronically received word that credit card systems were down and orders couldn?t be processed, even though the Vatican had announced two weeks earlier that the shutdown had been resolved.

So the order forms, thousands of them, piled up in boxes in Olivieri?s offices.

Finally, on May 27 ? five months after the shutdown ? credit card sales resumed for stamps and coins, but the damage was done. The office is months behind schedule, with a backlog dating to November.

Overseas collectors who have long put up with the Vatican?s antiquated way of handling orders ? through a time-consuming and labor-intensive subscription and order process rather than simple e-commerce ? said it was almost the final straw.

?They don?t seem to run it like a business,? said Henry Gitner, the main U.S. stamp dealer and retailer who years ago stopped buying directly from the Vatican because of the difficulties he encountered. ?The only way to get guaranteed delivery ? is to literally have someone there buy it and ship it, and then you?re paying a 10-15 percent commission.?

In the U.S. alone, stamp collecting is a $1 billion a year industry, according to Linn?s. Gitner estimated that a complete set of Vatican-issued stamps could run to around $8,000.

Olivieri said he had no idea how much had been lost, saying only that ?undoubtedly? there were losses. Asked if the losses could reach millions, he said he couldn?t say and that he had simply informed his superiors that 40 percent to 50 percent of his revenue comes from credit card sales.

?The Vatican had an enormous problem because this happened to the entire Vatican, not just to us: Think about the January sales at the duty-free store: a block on credit cards during the January sales? People coming here during sales with euro 600,000-700,000 in cash? Who comes with that? They come with credit cards.?

The Vatican had announced Feb. 12 that Swiss firm Aduno Group had restarted credit card services in the Vatican. But only on-site ?point of sales? terminals restarted then. E-commerce was something else entirely and it took until the end of May for the Vatican to adjust its web interfaces with Aduno?s virtual terminals, said Karin Broder, an Aduno spokeswoman.

While visitors to the Vatican Museums can now buy their tickets online to avoid the lengthy lines, the e-commerce bookshop is still down, according to the museum website. Customers are asked to email requests instead.

Requests for comment from the Vatican Museums were not answered.

When asked why the Vatican didn?t find a solution earlier, von Freyberg said simply ?I hope that the next time we will not be caught like this. If you find yourself in such a situation, it certainly has a long story before it.?

Von Freyberg said the aim now is to mend relations with the Bank of Italy and move forward on the Vatican?s path of transparency.

?I?m very confident that I?ll get it done,? he said in an interview in his large office inside the Vatican bank. ?And let?s talk again ? and then either you have a human disaster story or I can offer you a glass of spumante (sparkling wine).?

For his part, Francis ? who has made clear he wants a church ?of the poor and for the poor? ? this week gave another clue to his thoughts on finance.

?St. Peter didn?t have a bank account,? he said in a homily.

Source: http://www.azcentral.com/business/consumer/free/20130613vatican-credit-stop-emblematic-finance-woes.html

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Thursday, June 13, 2013

Officials: Obama aides split on arming rebels

Secretary of State John Kerry gestures as he speaks during a joint news conference with British Foreign Secretary William Hague at the State Department in Washington, Wednesday, June 12, 2013. Kerry hosted a meeting with Hague, an ally equally unsure about what to do to end fighting in Syria that has now killed some 80,000 people. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)

Secretary of State John Kerry gestures as he speaks during a joint news conference with British Foreign Secretary William Hague at the State Department in Washington, Wednesday, June 12, 2013. Kerry hosted a meeting with Hague, an ally equally unsure about what to do to end fighting in Syria that has now killed some 80,000 people. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)

British Foreign Secretary William Hague speaks during a news conference with Secretary of State John Kerry at the State Departmet in Washington, Wednesday, June 12, 2013. Kerry hosted a meeting with Hague, an ally equally unsure about what to do to end fighting in Syria that has now killed some 80,000 people. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)

Secretary of State John Kerry speaks during a media appearance with British Foreign Secretary William Hague, Wednesday, June 12, 2013, at the State Department in Washington. Kerry hosted a meeting with Hague, an ally equally unsure about what to do to end fighting in Syria that has now killed some 80,000 people. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)

FILE - This Tuesday, June 4, 2013 file photo citizen journalism image provided by Edlib News Network, ENN, which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, shows Syrian rebels preparing to fire locally made rockets, in Idlib province, northern Syria. Rebels are pressing for a decision from the West on arming their forces to even their odds now that Lebanon's Hezbollah guerrillas are fighting alongside the regime. They are stepping up outreach to the West, warning that inaction will let al-Qaida-linked militants take the forefront in the rebellion or hand victory to Iran and Hezbollah. (AP Photo/Edlib News Network ENN, File)

(AP) ? Despite growing alarm over the Syrian government's military advances, Obama administration officials are split over whether to arm the country's rebel forces or make other military moves that would deepen U.S. involvement in the conflict.

President Barack Obama's top national security advisers met at the White House on Wednesday to air their differences. The administration's caution persists despite its nearly two-year-old demand that President Bashar Assad step down, its vows to help the besieged Syrian rebels on the ground and its threats to respond to any chemical weapons use.

U.S. officials had hoped this week to reach a decision on arming the rebels to halt the violence and motivate the government and the opposition to hold peace talks. But they are still uncertain whether that's the best way to reshape a war that now includes Hezbollah and Iranian fighters backing Assad's armed forces, and al-Qaida-linked extremists backing the rebellion.

"Nobody wins in Syria the way things are going," Secretary of State John Kerry told reporters Wednesday after meeting with British Foreign Secretary William Hague. "The people lose and Syria as a country loses. And what we have been pushing for, all of us involved in this effort, is a political solution that ends the violence, saves Syria, stops the killing and destruction of the entire nation."

Despite increased support in Congress and the administration for lethal aid, officials said those closest to the president are divided on whether to begin providing Syria's armed opposition with weapons or to consider more drastic steps such as using U.S. airpower to ground Assad's gunships and jets. The officials spoke ahead of Wednesday's meeting at the White House on condition of anonymity because they weren't authorized to speak publicly on the private talks. Kerry, too, said he wouldn't predict the outcome of the discussions.

Obama's moves throughout the 27-month civil war, from political support for the opposition to nonlethal aid for its more moderate fighters, have occurred in close concert with America's partners in Europe. All agree at this point that the efforts haven't done enough. After meeting Kerry at the State Department, Hague also stressed the need for a political solution to end the fighting that has now killed some 80,000 people, without outlining how his government might contribute.

Kerry, who postponed a trip this week to Israel and three other Mideast countries to participate in the White House talks, is believed to be among the most forward-leaning members of Obama's national security leadership. Since becoming America's top diplomat in February, he has spoken regularly about the need to change Assad's calculation that he can win the war militarily, if only to get him into serious discussions with the opposition about establishing a transitional government. Assad's stunning military success last week at Qusair, near the Lebanese border, and preparations for offensives against Homs and Aleppo have made the matter more urgent.

Obama was flying from Massachusetts to Florida on Wednesday and did not participate in Wednesday's meeting. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel, Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey and several other top aides of the president were expected to attend.

Officials said some at the White House, the Pentagon and in the intelligence community remained hesitant about providing weapons, ammunition or other lethal support to a rebellion increasingly defined by extremists who, along with Assad, have turned a political insurrection into a sectarian war. Instead, they've focused on nonlethal support, such as Wednesday's decision by the Treasury Department to ease restrictions on Syrian telecommunications, agricultural and petroleum transactions that benefit the opposition.

"We have refocused our efforts on figuring out what to do to help the opposition on the ground," State Department spokeswoman Jen Psaki told reporters, citing the battle at Qusair as well as the influx of Lebanese Hezbollah and other foreign fighters as reasons for why the U.S. was rethinking its approach.

Even if nothing is decided this week, officials said the U.S., Britain and France, who together spearheaded the international intervention that helped overthrow Libya's Moammar Gadhafi in 2011, were trying to coordinate a common approach before Obama meets with his colleagues at next week's G-8 gathering of world leaders. Russian President Vladimir Putin, Assad's most powerful military and political backer, also will be present at the Northern Ireland summit.

White House press secretary Jay Carney would only say Wednesday that the U.S. was "constantly evaluating the situation in Syria and the options available."

Nothing, however, seems to be happening in Washington ? or in London or Paris ? fast enough to help Syria's rebels.

Desperate for weapons, even more so with an estimated 5,000 Hezbollah guerrillas propping up Assad's forces, the opposition is warning that Western inaction will mean that al-Qaida-linked and other militants will increasingly take over the rebellion.

On Wednesday, activists said Syrian rebels battled Shiites in a village in the country's east, killing more than 60 people, including civilians. Earlier this week, a 15-year-old boy was executed in public by Islamist rebel fighters in the city of Aleppo for taking the Muslim Prophet Muhammad's name in vain.

Finding a shared Syria strategy among the U.S., Britain and France is no easy matter. The British and French governments are at least as divided as the Americans on what is the best course of action and have told their fellow European Union members they won't send any arms to Syria before August. And British Prime Minister David Cameron has promised British lawmakers a House of Commons debate before any such action.

Approving lethal aid, however, brings with it an assortment of new challenges for the administration and its allies. They would then have to decide what weapons to provide, whom to give them to, what training to offer and who should do the training, U.S. and Western officials said. One Western official involved in strategy rejected the notion that weapons and ammunitions shortages were even the problem, citing poor military strategy and the inability of Syria's fractured opposition to coordinate effectively against Assad's more disciplined army.

___

Associated Press writer Lolita C. Baldor contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-06-12-US-Syria/id-cadd1c66bc14408e879d5b2b5176b990

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Toyota sports up its kids' car concept with the Camatte57 roadster

Toyota introduces the Camatte57 at the Tokyo Toy Show

Toyota introduces the Camatte57 at the Tokyo Toy Show

Image Gallery (24 images)

Last year, one of the more interesting designs in a solid year of concept cars was a toy car from Toyota. The Camatte revealed at the 2012 International Tokyo Toy Show was a realistic children's car designed to stimulate the imagination, foster an early love for automobiles and encourage family time. For this year's show, Toyota has refreshed the concept with a sporty roadster.

Most small children would probably forgive the pedestrian minicar look of the original Camatte the minute they stepped behind the wheel, but there's a handful that would be thinking: That was fun, now I want a fast, red sports car! The Camatte57 isn't red, but the red racing stripes definitely convey a sense of speed and fun that the original Camatte lacked. The new concept also uses an airy, open-doored convertible design that is sure to add to the fun driving experience.

In addition to its sportier design, the Camatte57 is also more customizable than the original. It encourages children to get wrenching with 57 removable body panels that children can mix and match to personalize their ride.

Like the original Camatte concept, the Camatte57 uses a 1+2 seating layout designed to foster bonding among family members. It can be driven by both parents and children thanks to an adjustable front seat and pedals.

The original Camatte concept at Auto Shanghai 2013

Toyota hasn't announced any plans to sell either Camatte variant, but we hope that it's considering it. We'd be awfully jealous of today's seven-year-old, but the Camatte is an interesting product idea that could be educational and fun for kids and adults alike.

The Camatte57 is on display in the Kids' Life Zone of this week's Tokyo Toy Show, which takes place at the Tokyo Big Sight in Koto Ward, Tokyo.

Source: Toyota

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Source: http://www.gizmag.com/toyota-camatte57-kids-car/27891/

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Nokia and Microsoft 'working even closer', will have something to show us soon

At a UK briefing for Nokia's incoming Lumia 925, the company revealed that it's continuing to deepen its relationship with Microsoft. Nokia UK's Ray Haddow said that it was "working even closer" with Redmond and that we can expect to see the fruits of this pairing "in the next few weeks." While we're not sure what that will entail just yet (and we're already expecting to see some beta software functionality land on our review model), we're hoping to see some new features from the team-up. Better still, we've just received our very own Lumia 925 to test, so expect a review very soon.

Update: As the meeting progresses, we've heard another small tidbit out of Nokia related to this collaboration. It appears that reps have been emphasizing the marketing aspects of this pairup, suggesting the two companies will work together in advertising and increasing Nokia's visibility. We'll update this post with more info if we get more clarification on exactly what we can expect.

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/RIRwtGljR1A/

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Wednesday, June 12, 2013

World's deepest ERT imaging system for CO2 sequestration developed

June 12, 2013 ? Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory researchers have broken the record for tracking the movement and concentration of carbon dioxide in a geologic formation using the world's deepest Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) system.

The research provides insight into the effects of geological sequestration to mitigate the impact of greenhouse gases.

The team led by LLNL's Charles Carrigan obtained time lapse electrical resistivity images during the injection of more than 1 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) more than 10,000 feet deep in an oil and gas field in Cranfield, Miss., which represents the deepest application of the imaging technique to date. The previous depth record of about 2,100 feet was held by the CO2SINK Project Consortium in Ketzin, Germany.

"The images provide information about both the movement of the injected CO2 within a complex geologic formation and the change with time of the distribution of CO2 in the porous sandstone reservoir," Carrigan said.

Deep geologic sequestration of CO2 is being evaluated internationally to mitigate the impact of greenhouse gases produced during oil- and coal-based energy generation and manufacturing. Natural gas producing fields are particularly appealing sites for sequestration activities because the same geologic barrier or cap rock permitting the subsurface regime to act as a long term natural gas reservoir also can serve to permanently contain the injected CO2.

ERT allowed Xianjin Yang, another member of the LLNL team, to make a movie of the expanding CO2 plume as it fills the sandstone region between the two electrode wells. To do this required analyzing months of data and using only the highest quality results to produce the images.

The team reports on the design, placement and imaging from the world's deepest ERT system in the June 1 online issue of the International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. The research also will appear in an upcoming print copy of the journal.

ERT can potentially track the movement and concentration of the injected CO2 as well as the degree of geologic containment using time-lapse electrical resistivity changes resulting from injecting the fluid into the reservoir formation.

Installing each ERT array in the sequestration reservoir required designing all cabling and electrodes, which were externally mounted on the borehole casing, to survive the trip more than 10,000 feet down a crooked borehole with walls made jagged by broken rocks.

The team then used the ERT array in a challenging environment of high temperature (260 degrees Fahrenheit), high pressure (5,000 psi) and high corrosive fluids to effectively detect CO2 breakthroughs and CO2 saturation changes with time.

"This is a near-real time remote monitoring tool for tracking CO2 migration with time lapse tomographic images of CO2 concentration," Carrigan said.

When converted to CO2 concentration, the images provided information about the movement of the injected CO2 within a complex geologic formation as well as how the storage of the CO2 changed with time.

Carrigan said that given concerns about injection-induced fracturing of the cap rock seal causing leakage of CO2 from the reservoir, higher-resolution ERT also may have an application as an "early-warning" system for the formation of fracture pathways in cap rock that could result in environmental damage to overlying or nearby water resources. Another potential application involves monitoring the boundary of a sequestration lease to ensure that CO2 does not migrate across the boundary to an adjacent parcel.

The ERT project is part the U.S. Department of Energy sponsored Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (SECARB) Cranfield project near Natchez, Miss., which has become the fifth ERT system worldwide and the first in the United States to inject more than a million tons of CO2 into the sub-surface.

The Cranfield study, which was led by Susan Hovorka of the Bureau of Economic Geology at the University of Texas, was funded by Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory under contract to the Southern States Energy Board.

Video: https://www.llnl.gov/news/newsreleases/2013/Jun/attach/cranfield.mov

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/r__sem71kwc/130612133401.htm

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Monday, June 10, 2013

Flowering at the right age: Alpine rock cress uses a ribonucleic acid to measure its age and tell when it's the right time to flower

June 10, 2013 ? Perennial plants flower only when they have reached a certain age and been subjected to the cold. These two circumstances prevent the plant from starting to flower during winter. George Coupland and his fellow scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research in Cologne have now discovered that the Alpine rock cress determines its age based on the quantity of a short ribonucleic acid.

Perennial plants carefully balance periods of growth and flowering to ensure that they can live for many years. They do not flower when they are still too young and small or produce flowers on all their side shoots. Also, they do not flower out of season and they continue to grow after flowering. In temperate regions they do not produce flowers during winter but only after exposure to a long cold period. This dependency on a cold stimulus is called vernalisation. George Coupland, Sara Bergonzi, Maria Albani and other scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research have now identified the molecular signals used by the perennial Alpine rock cress (Arabis alpina) to register its ageand to realise that it has been exposed to vernalisation. Only when the right age has been reached and the chill has had its effect can flowers begin to form.

The Alpine rock cress measures its age based on the concentration of a short ribonucleic acid known as miR156. A purely regulatory nucleic acid, miR156 works like an hourglass. Just as the sand trickles through an hourglass and indicates the amount of time elapsed, so the concentration of ribonucleic acid in the Alpine rock cress decreases from week to week enabling the plant to measure its age. When the ribonucleic acid reaches its lowest level, the plant is old enough for flowers to form when it is also exposed to vernalisation.

"Under normal conditions, this point is reached five to six weeks after germination," says George Coupland. "We can alter the time of flowering and the effect of vernalisation simply by manipulating the miR156 concentration." If the Alpine rock cress produces a particularly large amount of miR156 as a result of a genetic trick, it does not flower at the usual time. The surplus of miR156 caused by this over production acts as a brake on a group of proteins which induce flower formation. If the genetic trick makes the plant produce less miR156 than usual, flower formation happens sooner: the Alpine rock cress is sensitive to vernalisation a mere three weeks after germination. Consequently, the ribonucleic acid is the most important timing mechanism for flower formation in the Alpine rock cress. Only when it has reached its lowest point can vernalisation take effect and cause flowers to form.

In the closely related model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, an annual, the effect of the ribonucleic acid is less pronounced. If the weather conditions are very good, it also flowers in the presence of a fairly large quantity of miR156. Only when the weather is poor for an extended period does it rely on its age and put flower formation off until the ribonucleic acid concentration has reached its lowest level. "This ensures that Arabidopsis even flowers in a grey and cold summer," explains Coupland. As an annual, the plant is compelled to accelerate its life cycle and to achieve flowering age as quickly as possible and thereby form seeds. The concentration of miR156 is simply overridden in favourable weather conditions. Perennial plants, by contrast, are governed strictly by age and vernalisation.

The reason why not all side shoots of the Alpine rock cress flower at once is also explained by miR156. These shoots form one after the other and are therefore not all the same age as the main shoot which flowers first. The miR156 concentration needs to decline in each side shoot individually for it to be sensitive to vernalisation and form a flower. These different ages within the plant are what make some shoot axes flower each year and others only flower the following season, after the winter.

So how does the Alpine rock cress respond to vernalisation?

This was another issue Coupland and his fellow scientists studied. They were able to demonstrate that this occurs independently of miR156. The effect of the cold stimulus causes another protein which acts as a brake on flower formation to disappear during winter. This protein has the somewhat cryptic name PEP1. It blocks an important flowering gene. The gene can only be read when PEP1 has disappeared in the winter chill.

And what is the practical benefit of this research?

"It enables us to manipulate the concentration of miR156 to make plants flower when they are younger. This could make them quicker to breed," says Coupland. "For instance when cultivating new varieties of cabbage, such as cauliflower, white cabbage or curly kale. All of these members of the cabbage family also go through a long phase of juvenility and this can greatly delay experiments needed to breed new varieties."

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/strange_science/~3/jHpbU6HkIJg/130610133045.htm

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Leakage of carbon from land to rivers, lakes, estuaries and coastal regions revealed

June 10, 2013 ? When carbon is emitted by human activities into the atmosphere it is generally thought that about half remains in the atmosphere and the remainder is stored in the oceans and on land. New research suggests that human activity could be increasing the movement of carbon from land to rivers, estuaries and the coastal zone indicating that large quantities of anthropogenic carbon may be hidden in regions not previously considered.

The research, published in Nature Geoscience and led by researchers from the Universit? Libre de Bruxelles, the University of Exeter, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et l'Environnement, the University of Hawai'i and ETH Z?rich, has for the first time shown that increased leaching of carbon from soil, mainly due to deforestation, sewage inputs and increased weathering, has resulted in less carbon being stored on land and more stored in rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, estuaries and coastal zones -- environments that are together known as the 'land-ocean aquatic continuum'.

The study reviewed previously published data and showed that a significant fraction of the carbon emitted through human activity that is taken up by the land is not actually stored there, but in the aquatic continuum.

Pierre Regnier from Universit? Libre de Bruxelles said: "The budget of anthropogenic CO2 reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) currently does not take into account the carbon leaking from terrestrial ecosystems to rivers, estuaries and coastal regions. As a result of this leakage, the actual storage by terrestrial ecosystems is about 40% lower than the current estimates by the IPCC."

The 'land-ocean aquatic continuum', has not previously been considered an important carbon sink. Future assessments of carbon storage must now take into account the surface areas of the land-ocean aquatic continuum to ensure accurate estimation of carbon storage. This will also require an improved knowledge of the mechanisms controlling the degradation, preservation and emissions of carbon along the aquatic continuum to fully understand the impact of human activity on carbon transfer.

Professor Pierre Friedlingstein from the University of Exeter said: "Carbon storage in sediments in these rivers and coastal regions could present a more secure environment than carbon stored in soil on land. As soil warms up stored carbon can be lost to the atmosphere. The chances of this occurring in wet sediments are reduced."

A fraction of the carbon that leaches from land to the land-ocean aquatic continuum is emitted back to the atmosphere, while another fraction is sequestered in sediments along the continuum. Only a minor part, about 10%, eventually reaches the open ocean.

Philippe Ciais from the Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et l'Environnement said: "Our revisited global carbon budget which includes the land-ocean aquatic continuum is still entailed with significant uncertainties. It is however fully consistent with the observed growth rate of atmospheric CO2. Our downward revision of the land carbon storage is also in agreement with very recent results from forest inventories."

A significant part of the carbon storage thought to be offered by ecosystems on land -- mainly forests -- is thus negated by this leakage of carbon from soils to aquatic systems, and to the atmosphere.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/dVUgZtL-Ek0/130610095146.htm

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Brazil President Rousseff's popularity falls for first time: poll

RIO DE JANEIRO (Reuters) - Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff's approval rating fell for the first time since her term began in January 2011 as concern about inflation and sluggish economic growth grew, the Datafolha polling agency said on Saturday.

Brazilians rating Rousseff's presidency as "good" or "excellent" fell to 57 percent from 65 percent in the previous poll. The Datafolha survey was published in the Folha de S. Paulo newspaper.

The decline was seen in all age and income groups and in all regions of Brazil, Datafolha said.

While Rousseff, a member of Brazil's Workers' Party, remains the favorite to win presidential elections in October 2014, Datafolha said her weakening popularity reflects Brazilians' dissatisfaction with the performance of their economy and rising concern that consumer prices and unemployment will rise.

The percentage of Brazilians who expect the inflation rate to rise from current levels rose to 51 percent from 45 percent, the poll said.

Inflation rose to 6.5 percent in the 12 months ended May 30, Brazil's IBGE statistics agency said on Friday. It is now at the top of the government's own inflation targeting range of 4.5 percent plus or minus two percentage points.

Economic growth in the first quarter came in below expectations, with gross domestic product rising only 0.6 percent compared with the fourth quarter. Annual GDP growth in 2012 was 1.4 percent.

The risk of inflation limits the ability of Rousseff to promote the expansionist economic policies that have won her many supporters. It also prompted the central bank to raise interest rates to 8 percent from 7.5 percent last week, a move that could hurt already sluggish growth.

On Thursday, Standard & Poor's downgraded its outlook for Brazil's foreign currency debt rating to "negative" from "stable". S&P said deteriorating budget fundamentals and slow growth under Rousseff's left-leaning government, could undermine the country's ability to pay its debt and jeopardize its BBB long-term rating.

Economic difficulties and policy doubts come as Rousseff also faces growing resentment from members of her ruling coalition in Congress.

Despite a strong coalition majority in both houses of Congress, legislators have overridden Rousseff's line item vetoes of a controversial royalty provisions in a major oil law and resisted voting in favor of high-profile legislation written by the executive aimed at improving the country's clogged and inefficient ports.

Despite the declines in popularity, Datafolha said Rousseff remains the favorite among the most likely candidates in an October 2014 presidential election.

According to the Datafolha, she is the favorite of 51 percent of those polled, followed by Marina Silva, a former Brazilian environment minister with 16 percent, and Aecio Neves, a former governor of Minas Gerais state with 14 percent. Neves is the leader of Brazil's main opposition party, the PSDB.

The Datafolha poll was conducted on June 6 and 7 and surveyed 3,758 people. The poll has a margin of error of plus or minus two percentage points.

Later this month, the Ibope public opinion research group plans to release another poll measuring Rousseff's popularity. The Ibope poll is commissioned by National Industrial Confederation, or CNI, Brazil's largest industrial lobby group.

(Reporting by Sabrina Lorenzi; Additional reporting by Jeb Blount; Writing by Jeb Blount; Editing by Eric Walsh)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/brazil-president-rousseffs-popularity-falls-first-time-poll-034228536.html

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Fires have burned 3 percent of Amazon rainforest in 12 years, NASA says

Scientists find that hard-to-track fires in forest ?understory? have done even greater damage to rainforest than traditional deforestation

By Mark Trumbull,?Staff writer / June 8, 2013

The Brazilian Amazon harbours 40% of all remaining tropical rainforest, playing a vital role in global biodiversity conservation and climate regulation.

Alexander Lees/REUTERS

Enlarge

The size of the Amazon rainforest has been shrinking ? and not just because of traditional deforestation.

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Fires that creep slowly and low in the forest understory burned nearly 3 percent of the world?s largest tropical rainforest in a little more than a decade, scientists at NASA say.

Because they are hard to measure from space, ?we've never known the regional extent or frequency of these understory fires," said Doug Morton of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., the lead author of a study publicized by the space agency Friday.

The study estimated that between 1999 and 2010, understory forest fires burned more than 33,000 square miles (85,500 square kilometers), or 2.8 percent of the forest.

The fires are typically caused by human activities such as cooking, cigarettes, or agricultural waste burning.

But they?re not directly related to deforestation activity, which can include fires that Mr. Morton describes as ?massive, towering infernos.? Rather, an important indicator of risk for understory fires is dryness.

Frequent understory fire activity coincides with low nighttime humidity, the NASA research found.

By contrast, in some of the peak years for forest-clearing activity (2003 and 2004), adjacent forests had low rates of understory fires.

In understory fires, flames generally reach only a few feet high. They often burn for weeks at a time, spreading a few feet per minute.

To gauge the scale of understory fire activity, Morton and colleagues used observations from early in the dry season, from June to August, collected by MODIS ? the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer instrument on NASA's Terra satellite.

The researchers tracked the timing of damage and recovery in various disturbed areas. Areas of deforestation lack signs of recovery for at least two years. But degradation from understory fires is visible in the year after the burn, then dissipates quickly as the forest regrows.

Separately, NASA and academic researchers on Friday released predictions that the 2013 fire season will be ?considerably higher? than in 2011 and 2012 in many parts of the Amazon.

The scope of the understory fires doesn?t make deforestation less important, but it suggests that such fires ?are important source of [carbon] emissions that we need to consider," Morton said.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/3FJyp--h6yk/Fires-have-burned-3-percent-of-Amazon-rainforest-in-12-years-NASA-says

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